1. IP addresses are really just numbers with corresponding words-like names of people that have phone numbers to reach them.
2. FTP is more secure because it requires logging in with a username.  On the other hand, HTTP is much more convenient.
3. No, the data is stored in the files.  You must go through the folder to get to the data but you cannot click on the folder and have the data come up.
4. Both pathnames and URLs contain the location and name of the particular file.
5. A URL must specify which computer the file is on.  This is just assumed in the case of a pathname.