1.Ip addresses and Phone numbers are similar because they are both a unique numeric address that refer to a specific unit, whether computer of phone. 2.FTP is different in that it requires a user name and a password, which makes it much more secure. It is also much less convenient than HTTP, because if you used FTP, it would prompt you to put in a user name and password every time you clicked on a link. 3.No, folders and directories are just a gateway. Folders/directories do not directly contain data. They contain files which directly contain the data. 4.Pathnames and URL’s are similar because they both specifies the location of the file on the given host. 5.A URL has to specify on which computer the file is. This is hostname is found between the: // and the next /.